Get a quote for your school. They at last took notice of my surprise; and one of them, willing to increase it, as well as to gratify my curiosity, made me one day look through it. By . Characteristics Of Olaudah Equiano. Equiano's Travels provides a wonderful description of enslavement in West Africa and also the Middle Passage to make it seem as if you are actually there. Complete Summary Using Financial Functions, complete the "Summary" box. The clouds appeared to me to be land, which disappeared as they passed along. They put us in separate parcels, and examined us attentively. Guilty over the accusation, King promised to lend Equiano money towards his freedom if the slave could raise an adequate amount himself. From his accounts he has written down, he shows his life as a slave. They at last took notice of my surprise; and one of them, willing to increase it, as well as to gratify my curiosity, made me one day look through it. Several of the strangers also shook hands with us black people, and made motions with their hands, signifying I suppose, we were to go to their country, but we did not understand them. 0000034256 00000 n 0000004361 00000 n At the age of 11 years, Olaudah was captured by African slave traders and sold into bondage in the New World. Olaudah Equiano Recalls the Middle Passage by Olaudah Equiano is in the public domain. Between 12th and 14th Streets 1161 Words5 Pages. This is referred to as the Second Middle Passage as the first one was quite similar to it-- the original Middle Passage refers to the time and process in which slaves were first brought to the U.S. from Africa and even the West Indies. 0000002907 00000 n While we stayed on the coast I was mostly on deck; and one day, to my great astonishment, I saw one of these vessels coming in with the sails up. Grade Range: 6-12 1, 7088. I asked how the vessel could go? From there he went to Virginia, where he was enslaved by a sea captain, Michael Henry Pascal, who gave him the name Gustavus Vassa and with whom he traveled widely. 80 0 obj <>stream At last, when the ship we were in, had got in all her cargo, they made ready with many fearful noises, and we were all put under deck, so that we could not see how they managed the vessel. Indeed, such were the horrors of my views and fears at the moment, that, if ten thousand worlds had been my own, I would have freely parted with them all to have exchanged my condition with that of the meanest slave in my own country. Download the student worksheet for Olaudah Equiano. Most slaves were seized inland and marched to coastal forts, where they were chained below deck in ships for the journey across the . 0000070323 00000 n At last we came in sight of the island of Barbadoes, at which the whites on board gave a great shout, and made many signs of joy to us. Olaudah Equianos first-person account recalls his terrifying journey as an 11-year-old captive aboard a slave ship from Africa to Barbados in 1756. Corrections? Everyone has traits that enables them to overcome adversity and prevail against all odds, whether it be strength, passion, intelligence or perseverance we all have the capability to achieve and survive the unthinkable. After a time, Equiano grew restless and decided he could make more money at sea, so he worked on a number of voyages. 0000049655 00000 n He set forth not only the injustices and humiliations endured by those enslaved but also his own experiences of kindness shown by Pascal and a community of English women, among others. had they any like themselves? Finally, we hear an insider's view on being enslaved, how slaves were treated in Africa, and what the treatment of African slaves was like at the hands of the Europeans. Olaudah Equiano lived the life as a slave like many black people of the 18th century. In this harrowing description of the Middle Passage, Olaudah Equiano described the terror of the transatlantic slave trade. 0000011152 00000 n Equiano strongly focuses on the fact that almost every event in his life made an impression on his mind and influenced his conduct. I now saw myself deprived of all chance of returning to my native country, or even the least glimpse of hope of gaining the shore, which I now considered as friendly; and I even wished for my former slavery in preference to my present situation, which was filled with horrors of every kind, still heightened by my ignorance of what I was to undergo. When I looked round the ship too, and saw a large furnace of copper boiling, and a multitude of black people of every description chained together, every one of their countenances expressing dejection and sorrow, I no longer doubted of my fate; and, quite overpowered with horror and anguish, I fell motionless on the deck and fainted. From Olaudah Equiano, "The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African," in Henry Louis Gates, ed., The Classic Slave Narratives With the uses of this vivid imagery along with high diction and intricate sentences, Equiano successfully attempts to inform the reader of the horrid journey of slave transportation. The Middle Passage, as written by Olaudah Equiano in The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, refers to . 2C: Identify the central question(s) the historical narrative addresses. Written by Himself. Source: Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African. An Analysis of Olaudah Equiano's 'The Middle Passage', Middle Passage by Olaudah Equiano Brampton Manufacturing is considering a Retirement Plan for its staff. And why, said I, do we not see them? They answered, because they were left behind. In addition, Equianos use of imagery clearly depicts the journey of the Africans slaves, such as The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us" (45). According to the words of Olaudah Equiano and referring to at least one supporting primary sources, state 3 conditions aboard the slave ship that would decrease his chances of surviving the journey. Let Olaudah Equiano explain the Middle Passage to you in his own words.New videos every Tuesday (sometimes Monday! Often did I think many of the inhabitants of the deep much more happy than myself. After spending time with a number of different masters in the interior of Africa, he was eventually separated from his sister and brought to the coast. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. I was immediately handled and I was now persuaded that I had gotten into a world of bad spirits, and that they were going to kill me". After a few months, a merchant and naval officer, Michael Henry Pascal, came to visit Equianos master and liked the look of Equiano. Equiano published his autobiography, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African, in 1789 as a two-volume work. Teachers and parents! Finally he did manage to return to England, where he began to settle down, though he never remained on land for too long. The closeness of the place, and the heat of the climate, added to the number in the ship, which was so crowded that each had scarcely room to turn himself, almost suffocated us. Equiano eventually purchased his freedom and lived in London where he advocated for abolition. 0000049244 00000 n Refine any search. Olaudah Equiano wrote an account of the Middle Passage in his 1789 autobiography. I had often with astonishment seen the mariners make observations with it, and I could not think what it meant. I asked him if the man had died in the operation, how, At the end of the excerpt from Equiano's Travels, the then-freed Negro and outspoken abolitionist summarizes his conclusions from what he has gained as a subject to both the experience of slavery and the Enlightenment in Europe. (London: Author, 1789), Vol. These filled me with astonishment, which was soon converted into terror, when I was carried on board. One day, when we had a smooth sea, and a moderate wind, two of my wearied countrymen, who were chained together (I was near them at the time), preferring death to such a life of misery, somehow made through the nettings, and jumped into the sea: immediately another quite dejected fellow, who, on account of his illness, was suffered to be out of irons, also followed their example; and I believe many more would soon have done the same, if they had not been prevented by the ships crew, who were instantly alarmed. Equiano's life story is a journey of education in which he goes from innocence in edenic Africa to the cruel experience of slavery in the West. 23 0 obj <> endobj Slaves were deprived of basic human rights and many tried to kill themselves because they would rather face death than their captors 2. Its the horrible details Equiano writes about that gives the reader mental images of him being torn from his family and village and sold into slavery with his sister in North America and West Indies. Every circumstance I met with served only to render my state more painful, and heighten my apprehensions, and my opinion of the cruelty of the whites. The traumatizing experience that was boarding a slave ship was almost surreal for Equiano and with his young age so to rationalize the situation he and his fellow slaves concluded that the men handling them could not be human because they were so different. Title: Microsoft Word - Olaudah Equiano Recalls the Middle Passage Author . These events marked the bridging of the wide gap between African slaves and their European slave owners, as slaves in Britain participated in aspects of society traditionally associated with Europeans. The majority of human beings would do everything to flee from such a situation that could not lead to a favorable outcome, Equiano is no different. What struck me first, was, that the houses were built with bricks, in stories, and in every other respect different from those I had seen in Africa; but I was still more astonished on seeing people on horseback. Listen to a dramatic reading of his narrative, and then study the supporting primary sources to answer the discussion questions. Is It Not Enough that We Are Torn From Our Country and Friends?: Olaudah Equiano Describes the Horrors of the Middle Passage, 1780s. Olaudah Equiano (16 October 1745 - 31 March 1797), also known by the European name Gustavus Vassa, was born in what is now Nigeria. When a person reaches the age of 25, Brampton Manufacturing will make an initial investment of $300 and thereafter $300 at the end of every month until the . This indeed was often the case with myself. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Click the card to flip Definition 1 / 7 To illustrate how much the slaves were torn from their own culture and forced into a brutal and unfamiliar one. His perception was that the immense brutality of the Middle Passage foreshadowed the dehumanization of slaves in the Americas, which was more inhumane than the treatment he had received as a slave while in Africa. During our passage I first saw flying fishes, which surprised me very much: they used frequently to fly across the ship, and many of them fell on the deck. 0000091180 00000 n 0000001456 00000 n This resource includes a teacher guide, student worksheet, downloadable audio, images of supporting primary sources, and discussion questions. The clouds appeared to me to be land, which disappeared as they passed along. PART A: How is Equiano's emphasis on the smells aboard the ship important to the development of his central ideas? Many merchants and planters now came on board, though it was in the evening. 2E: Read historical narratives imaginatively. we should be eaten by these ugly men, as they appeared to us; and, when soon after we were all put down under the deck again, there was much dread and trembling among us, and nothing but bitter cries to be heard all the night from these apprehensions, insomuch, that at last the white people got some old slaves from the land to pacify us. Frontispiece of Equiano's autobiography. This report eased us much. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. I was not long suffered to indulge my grief; I was soon put down under the decks, and there I received such a salutation in my nostrils as I had never experienced in my life: so that, with the loathsomeness of the stench, and crying together, I became so sick and low that I was not able to eat, nor had I the least desire to taste anything. Regarding the purpose of his narrative, Equiano wrote in Chapter I, If it affords any satisfaction to my numerous friends or in the smallest degree promotes the interests of humanity, the ends for which it was undertaken will be fully attained (688). At the turn of the 21st century, the scholar Vincent Carretta discovered documents that, he argued, suggested Equiano may have been born in North America, and he raised questions about whether Equianos accounts of Africa and the Middle Passage were based on memory, reading, or a combination of the two. They are designed to help you practice working with historical documents. He was not used to their language, A long and uncomfortable trade route for slaves from Africa to the Americas; ships were packed with violent white men who watched the slaves every move. He received some education during his enslavement, which ended when he purchased his emancipation in 1766. The Life of Olaudah Equiano Read the paragraph from The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, and then answer the question. The noise and clamor with which this is attended, and the eagerness visible in the countenances of the buyers, serve not a little to increase the apprehension of terrified Africans, who may well be supposed to consider them as the ministers of that destruction to which they think themselves devoted. 0000003045 00000 n Still, King and Farmer cajoled him into staying with them as an employee, to which he agreed. They told me they could not tell; but that there was cloth put upon the masts by the help of the ropes I saw, and then the vessel went on; and the white men had some spell or magic they put in the water when they liked, in order to stop the vessel. There he saw a slave ship for the first time and was stunned by the cramped, unclean, even inhuman condition in which black Africans were confined on the ships. 4.8: Primary Source: Olaudah Equiano is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Unlock 70+ trainings to support your team. After Equiano settled in England, he became an active abolitionist, agitating and lecturing against the cruelty of British enslavers in Jamaica. The Middle Passage - Olaudah Equiano Equiano Endures the Middle Passage This extract, taken from Chapter Two of the Interesting Narrative , describes some of the young Equiano's experiences on board a slave ship in the 'Middle Passage': the journey between Africa and the New World. He spoke out against the English slave trade. They gave me to understand, we were to be carried to these white peoples country to work for them. This map includes European names for parts of the West African coast where 0000012071 00000 n Up until December 18, 1865, when the law abolishing slavery in the U.S. was adopted, slavery remained a viable means of torture that would allow free labor and money for Southern Colonists. They also instructed him in the Bible and took him to be baptized. 0000162310 00000 n The relevance and meaning of these documents have been disputed, and some scholars have also argued that The Interesting Narrative is like any other autobiography in its complex relationship to its authors memory and knowledge. His narrative also offered a first-hand (first-person narrative) account of slavery and shared the story of his journey towards freedom. 0000052522 00000 n This argument allows Equiano to begin to assert the full humanity of slaves and of black people in general, who only seem inferior to Europeans because they are cruelly subjugated by white people. Equianos apprehensions and alarmsamong the Europeans began to decrease, as he was continually being integrated into society and was, Coming from a rich culture and background in a village full of dancers, poets, and musicians to then be captured and become the property of the white man, Equiano and his sister did not live a childhood that would lead to successful life or even much happiness. The Middle Passage: The Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, the African: Problems in World History History as a Discipline Graphic of the Structure of History: Identify key vocabulary Create storyline or a summary Identify author Determine type of source Select and organize key ideas Post a reaction to Global Conference Equiano always remained aware of his race and culture however he was in search of a freedom that no matter whom he was told to be his identity of obtaining this as well as soon gaining control of his own life always remained the same. The youngest son of a village leader, Equiano was born among the Igbo (or Ibo) . The Interesting Narrative is an essential work because of Equianos vivid rendering of enslaved peoples experience of the slave trade, his picture of 18th-century Africa as a model of social harmony defiled by greed, and his eloquent argument in support of abolition. 0000002469 00000 n Home The Life of Olaudah Equiano Q & A Based on the excerpt, how did th. Ask and answer questions. Equiano, given the name Gustavus Vassa by one of his many owners, was forced to serve several masters, among them a Virginia plantation . This produced copious perspirations, so that the air soon became unfit for respiration, from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died thus falling victims to the improvident avarice, as I may call it, of their purchasers. How did equiano react to his white captors? We thought by this. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. B ) It implies that the slaves were kept dirty so as to 0000003181 00000 n 0000010066 00000 n This heightened my wonder; and I was now more persuaded than ever, that I was in another world, and that every thing about me was magic. 0000192597 00000 n %%EOF The narrative by Olaudah Equiano gives an interesting perspective of slavery both within and outside of Africa in the eighteenth century. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. LitCharts Teacher Editions. 0000010721 00000 n 4B: Obtain historical data from a variety of sources. Equianos autobiography was so popular that it ran through nine English editions and one printing in the United States and was translated into Dutch, German, and Russian during his lifetime. They are designed to help you practice working with historical documents. Study Guides; Q & A; Lesson Plans; Essay Editing Services; Literature Essays; . They told me I was not, and one of the crew brought me a small portion of spirituous liquor in a wine glass; but being afraid of him, I would not take it out of his hand. Olaudah Equiano's first-person account recalls his terrifying journey as an 11-year-old captive aboard a slave ship from Africa to Barbados in 1756. 0000009559 00000 n I also now first saw the use of the quadrant; I had often with astonishment seen the mariners make observations with it, and I could not think what it meant. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 0000102522 00000 n We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. Equiano recounts being kidnapped along with his sister by slave traders at the age of eleven. Summarize the olaudah equiano recalls the middle passage . ; After purchasing his freedom, Equiano vigorously advocated for the abolition of slavery. When I recovered a little, I found some black people about me, who I believed were some of those who had brought me on board, and had been receiving their pay; they talked to me in order to cheer me, but all in vain. Recent scholarship has called into question Equiano's . This produced copious perspirations, so that the air soon became unfit for respiration, from a variety of loathsome smells, and brought on a sickness among the slaves, of which many died, thus falling victims to the improvident avarice, as I may call it, of their purchasers. The drawing shows about 450 people; 0000048978 00000 n These Christians seemed far holier than many of those he knew in England. On the ship Equiano also befriended a young white boy named Richard (Dick) Baker, and the two became inseparable. 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Phelan, Why the Chinese Should Be Excluded (1901), William James on The Philippine Question (1903), Chinese Immigrants Confront Anti-Chinese Prejudice (1885, 1903), African Americans Debate Enlistment (1898), Booker T. Washington & W.E.B. Equiano asks to be excused for laying out in such detail the customs of his native country: he still looks upon those memories with pleasure. He is saved from a life of plantation slavery, but his seafaring service gives him the opportunity to witness firsthand the brutal practices of slavery in several areas of the world. In England Equiano got back into contact with the Miss Guerins, who helped him attain a trade as a hairdresser, and also went to see Pascal, who seemed entirely unremorseful for his betrayal. Equiano realized that as a black man it was impossible for him to get legal retribution. One white man in particular I saw, when we were permitted to be on deck, flogged so unmercifully with a large rope near the foremast, that he died in consequence of it; and they tossed him over the side as they would have done a brute. 0000049724 00000 n Equiano eventually purchased his freedom and lived in London where he advocated for abolition. A critical edition of The Interesting Narrative, edited by Werner Sollorswhich includes an extensive introduction, selected variants of the several editions, contextual documents, and analytical essayswas published in 2001. The Life of Olaudah Equiano focuses on the various scenes to which Equiano or otherwise known as Gustavus Vassa was a witness too. And sure enough, soon after we were landed, there came to us Africans of all languages. In it Equiano expresses a strong abolitionist stance and provides firsthand testimony of the transatlantic slave trade as well as a detailed description of life in what is present-day Nigeria. Based on Olaudah Equianos account and one supporting primary source, cite evidence that indicates there were likely people from many African countries on this particular journey. At last, when the ship we were in had got in all her cargo, they made ready with many fearful noises, and we were all put under deck, so that we could not see how they managed the vessel. Possibly a reference to Equiano's earlier kidnapping in Nigeria, before being sold into slavery. His accounts he has written down, he became an active abolitionist agitating... Lesson Plans ; Essay Editing Services ; Literature Essays ; n we also acknowledge National. Home the Life of Olaudah Equiano Recalls the Middle Passage by Olaudah explain... From the Interesting narrative of the Middle Passage to you in his 1789.., this is absolutely the best teacher resource I have ever purchased Services ; Literature Essays ; sure Enough soon! 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